American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 148, No. 9: 902-909
Copyright © 1998 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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A New Method for Estimating the Risk Ration in Studies Using Case-Partental Control Design
1Department of Genetics, Emory University Atlanta, GA
2Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Atlanta, GA
3Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA
4Office of Genetics and Disease Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA
Reprint requests to Fengzhu Sun, Department of Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1462 Clifton Road, 4th Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322.
The authors describe a new simple noniterative, yet efficient method to estimate the risk ratio in studies using case-parental control design. The new method is compared with two other noniterative methods, Khoury's method and Flanders and Khoury's method, and with a maximum likelihood-based method of Schaid and Sommer. The authors found that the variance of the new estimation method is usually smaller than that of Khoury's method or Flanders and Khoury's method and that it is slightly larger than that of the maximum likelihood-based method of Schaid and Sommer. Despite the slightly large variance of the new estimator compared with that of the maximum likelihood-based method, the simplicity of the new estimator and its variance makes the new method appealing. When genotypic information for only one parent is available, the authors also describe a method to estimate the risk ratio without assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium or random mating. A simple formula for the variance of the estimator is given. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 148:902–9.
case-control studies; gene frequency; genes; genetic markers; genetics; odds ratio; risk
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