American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 148, No. 8: 798-805
Copyright © 1998 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Short Interpregnancy Intervals and the Risk of Adverse Birth Outcomes among Five Racial/Ethnic Groups in the United States
1Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Children's Hospital Chicago, IL
2Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago Children's Hospital Chicago, IL
3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago Children's Hospital Chicago, IL
Reprint requests to Dr. Babak Khoshnood, Department of Pediatrics MC 6060, University of Chicago Children's Hospital, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637.
The authors studied the effects and population-level impact of short (
12 months) interpregnancy intervals on the risks for low (<2.5 kg) birth weight and preterm (<37 weeks) delivery of liveborn singleton infants to US African American, Mexican, Native American, non-Hispanic white, and Puerto Rican mothers (n = 4,841,418) from 1989 to 1991. Statistical analyses were done by using the Mantel-Haenszel correlation statistic chi-square test and logistic regression. The proportion of livebirths associated with 12-month interpregnancy intervals was the lowest among non-Hispanic whites (18.5%, 95% confidence interval 18.5–18.5) and the highest among Native Americans (29.7%, 95% confidence interval 29.2–30.2). As compared with mothers with >12-month intervals, mothers with <6-month intervals had an approximately 50% to 80% increased risk of very low (<1.5 kg) birth weight delivery and a 30% to 90% increased risk of very preterm (<32 weeks) delivery. Logistic regression analyses showed that the adverse effects of short intervals were reduced by about 10% but remained for the most part significant after controlling for potential confounding by maternal age, education, parity, marital status, prenatal care, smoking, and previous preterm delivery. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 148:798–805.
birth weight; ethnic groups; pregnancy outcome; risk
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