American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 147, No. 1: 3-16
Copyright © 1998 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
research-article |
Bone Mass, Lean Mass, and Fat Mass: Same Genes or Same Environments?
From the Bone and Mineral Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Hospital Sydney, NSW, Australia
Reprint requests to T. V. Nguyen, Bone and Mineral Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney 2010, Australia
The contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the association among bone mineral density (BMD), lean mass, and fat mass were assessed in the Sydney Twin Study of Osteoporosis (Australia), 1995–1996, in 57 monozygotic and 55 dizygotic female twin pairs of Caucasian background, aged 52.8 (standard deviation, 13) years. In multiple regression analysis, lean mass was a significant determinant of areal BMD; however, fat mass was a principal determinant of volumetric BMD. Univariate model-fitting analyses indicated that 80% and 65% of variance of lean mass and fat mass, respectively, were attributable to genetic factors. The estimated heritability of BMD for lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total body BMD was 78%, 76%, and 79%, respectively. Multivariate analyses suggested that, while the association between lean mass and fat mass was attributable mainly to environmental factors (r=0.53, p<0.01), the association among the three BMD sites was attributable to both genetic and environmental factors (rg=0.64–0.75, p<0.001; r=0.57–0.70, p<0.001). Furthermore, genetic factors that affect lean mass or fat mass have minor effects on BMD. It is concluded that lean mass and fat mass, as well as bone density, are under strong genetic regulation. However, the associations between BMD and fat mass or between lean mass and fat mass appear to be mediated mainly via environmental influences.
body composition; bone density; models, genetic; osteoporosis; twin studies
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R. N. Monrad, L. G. Grunnet, E. L. Rasmussen, C. Malis, A. Vaag, and P. Poulsen Age-Dependent Nongenetic Influences of Birth Weight and Adult Body Fat on Insulin Sensitivity in Twins J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2009; 94(7): 2394 - 2399. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. D. G. Baxter-Jones, J. C. Eisenmann, R. L. Mirwald, R. A. Faulkner, and D. A. Bailey The influence of physical activity on lean mass accrual during adolescence: a longitudinal analysis J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2008; 105(2): 734 - 741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. V. Nguyen Genetics of Osteoporosis: From Population Association to Individualized Prognosis of Fracture IBMS BoneKEy, June 1, 2008; 5(6): 212 - 221. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. McGuigan, E. Larzenius, M. Callreus, P. Gerdhem, H. Luthman, and K. Akesson Variation in the bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene: effects on fat and lean body mass in young and elderly women Eur. J. Endocrinol., May 1, 2008; 158(5): 661 - 668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Moreno Lima, B. S. de Abreu, P. Gentil, T. C. de Lima Lins, D. Grattapaglia, R. W. Pereira, and R. J. de Oliveira Lack of Association Between Vitamin D Receptor Genotypes and Haplotypes With Fat-Free Mass in Postmenopausal Brazilian Women J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., September 1, 2007; 62(9): 966 - 972. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Livshits, B. S. Kato, S. G. Wilson, and T. D. Spector Linkage of Genes to Total Lean Body Mass in Normal Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2007; 92(8): 3171 - 3176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. J. Litman, S. Bhasin, C. L. Link, A. B. Araujo, J. B. McKinlay, and for the Boston Area Community Health Survey Invest Serum Androgen Levels in Black, Hispanic, and White Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2006; 91(11): 4326 - 4334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. C. Kostek, M. J. Delmonico, J. B. Reichel, S. M. Roth, L. Douglass, R. E. Ferrell, and B. F. Hurley Muscle strength response to strength training is influenced by insulin-like growth factor 1 genotype in older adults J Appl Physiol, June 1, 2005; 98(6): 2147 - 2154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Morberg, I. Tetens, E. Black, S. Toubro, T. I. A. Soerensen, O. Pedersen, and A. Astrup Leptin and Bone Mineral Density: A Cross-Sectional Study in Obese and Nonobese Men J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., December 1, 2003; 88(12): 5795 - 5800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Van Langendonck, J. Lefevre, A. L. Claessens, M. Thomis, R. Philippaerts, K. Delvaux, R. Lysens, R. Renson, B. Vanreusel, B. Vanden Eynde, et al. Influence of Participation in High-Impact Sports during Adolescence and Adulthood on Bone Mineral Density in Middle-aged Men: A 27-Year Follow-up Study Am. J. Epidemiol., September 15, 2003; 158(6): 525 - 533. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. V. Nguyen, G. Livshits, J. R. Center, K. Yakovenko, and J. A. Eisman Genetic Determination of Bone Mineral Density: Evidence for a Major Gene J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2003; 88(8): 3614 - 3620. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Vuillemin, F. Guillemin, P. Jouanny, G. Denis, and C. Jeandel Differential Influence of Physical Activity on Lumbar Spine and Femoral Neck Bone Mineral Density in the Elderly Population J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., June 1, 2001; 56(6): B248 - B253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Eisman Pharmacogenetics of the Vitamin D Receptor and Osteoporosis Drug Metab. Dispos., April 1, 2001; 29(4): 505 - 512. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. A. Jackson and D. A. Savaiano Lactose Maldigestion, Calcium Intake and Osteoporosis in African-, Asian-, and Hispanic-Americans J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 2001; 20(2): 198S - 207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. W. Keen, H. Snieder, H. Molloy, J. Daniels, M. Chiano, F. Gibson, L. Fairbairn, P. Smith, A. J. MacGregor, D. Gewert, et al. Evidence of association and linkage disequilibrium between a novel polymorphism in the transforming growth factor {beta}1 gene and hip bone mineral density: a study of female twins Rheumatology, January 1, 2001; 40(1): 48 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Eisman Genetics of Osteoporosis Endocr. Rev., December 1, 1999; 20(6): 788 - 804. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|