American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 146, No. 1: 64-77
Copyright © 1997 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
research-article |
Trends in Serum Lipid Levels during 1980–1992 in Children and Young Adults
The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
1Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
2Cardiorespiratory Research Unit, University of Turku Turku, Finland
3Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Turku Turku, Finland
4The Social Insurance Institution, Research and Development Centre Turku, Finland
5Division of Nutrition, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
6Department of Medicine, University of Turku Turku, Finland
7Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere Tampere, Finland
8Helsinki Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Medicine Helsinki, Finland
9Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku Turku, Finland
10Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland
11The Children's Hospital, Second Department of Pediatrics, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
Reprint requests to Dr. Kimmo V K. Porkka, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland
To assess secular trends in serum lipid levels in Finnish children and young adults, the authors examined a total of 3,517, 2,769, 2,392, 352, and 880 subjects who had complete data on serum lipids in 1980, 1983, 1986, 1989, and 1992, respectively, in a longitudinal follow-up study. Trend analyses were carried out among subjects aged 15 (n=1,835) or 18 (n=1,562) years to exclude the confounding effect of age on the study variables. Data on obesity, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use were available from each study year, and data on diet were available for the study years 1980, 1986, and 1992. Between 1980 and 1992, mean total cholesterol levels decreased from 4.88 to 4.47 mmol/liter (from 189 to 173 mg/dl), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased from 3.06 to 2.85 mmol/liter (from 119 to 110 mg/dl). The mean high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased by 19/, from 1.43 to 1.15 mmol/liter (55.2 to 44.6 mg/dl). During 1986–1992, triglyceride levels increased by 15%, from 0.88 to 1.01 mmol/liter (78.2 to 89.9 mg/dl). During 1980–1992, body mass index values increased from 20.8 to 21.8 kg/m2, parallel to increases in skinfold thickness. In the diet, the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids increased from 0.26 to 0.39. Alcohol and oral contraceptive use became more frequent, and the subjects tended to become less physically active. In conclusion, a change in the lipid profile in Finnish adolescents aged 15 and 18 years and young adults during 1980/1992 was observed, characterized by a decrease in low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and an increase in triglyceride level. Possible determinants for these changes include alterations in diet and a trend toward increased obesity. Am J Epidemiol 1997;146:64–77.
adolescence; lipoproteins; risk factors
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