American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 144, No. 3: 255-263
Copyright © 1996 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Risk Factors for Osteoporotic Fractures in Elderly Men
1Bone and Mineral Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney NSW, Australia
2Department of Endocrinology, Vincent's Hospital, Sydney NSW, Australia
3Department of Rheumatology, Vincent's Hospital, Sydney , NSW, Australia
4Department of Geriatrics, Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Reprint requests to A/Prof. P. N. Sambrook, Bone and Mineral Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Sydney 2010, Australia.
Osteoporosis is recognized as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in aging women, but there have been few epidemiologic studies in men. Potential risk factors for osteoporotic fractures were assessed in 820 elderly men aged 60 years or above in the city of Dubbo (Australia). During the follow-up period of 1989–1994, the overall incidence of fractures (determined from x-ray reports) was 220 fractures per 10, 000 person-years. Higher risk of fracture was associated with lower femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), quadriceps weakness, higher body sway, falls in the preceding 12 months, a history of fractures in the previous 5 years, lower body weight, and shorter current height. Use of thiazide diuretics, higher physical activity, and moderate alcohol intake were protective against fracture. In multivariate analysis (Cox's proportional hazards model), femoral neck BMD (odd ratio (OR) = 1.47, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.25–1.73 per 0.12 g/cm2), quadriceps strength (OR = 1.43, 95% Cl 1.18–1.73 per 10 kg), and body sway (OR = 1.25, 95% Cl 1.07–1.45 per 5.15 cm2) were independent risk factors. Preventive measures for bone loss and maintaining a physically active, healthy life-style and modification of risk factors for falls in the elderly could yield beneficial effects in the reduction of the incidence of osteoporotic fracture and hence improve the survival among men. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 144: 255–63.
accidental falls; bone and bones; bone density; fractures; hip fractures; humeral fractures; osteoporosis
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