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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 144, No. 1: 69-77
Copyright © 1996 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

other

Transmission of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from Tuberculosis Patients with HIV Infection or AIDS

George M. Cauthen1,, Samuel W. Dooley1, Ida M. Onorato,1, Walter W. Ihle1, Janice M. Burr2, William J. Bigler2, John Witte2 and Kenneth G. Castro1

1Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA
2Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services Tallahassee, FL

Reprint requests to Dr. George M. Cauthen, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Mailstop E10, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333.

Contacts exposed to tuberculosis patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were compared with contacts of HIV-negative patients for evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission, based on a review of records of tuberculin skin tests administered during routine health department follow-up investigations in Miami/Dade County, Florida, from 1985 through 1989. After an adjusted analysis designed to balance background prevalence, tuberculin positivity was 42.0% in 2, 158 contacts of HIV-negative patients compared with 28.6% and 31.3% in 363 contacts of HIV-infected patients and 732 contacts of AIDS patients, respectively. Similar results were observed in a subset of 5- to 14-year-old contacts of United States-bom black or white tuberculosis patients chosen to minimize the possibility of false-negative tuberculin tests in contacts due to undiagnosed HIV infection. Analysis of contacts as sets showed a more than expected number of sets with none or all contacts infected, but this did not differ by HIV/AIDS group. In this study, tuberculosis patients with AIDS or HIV infection were less infectious to their contacts and, in this community, exposed fewer contacts than HIV-negative tuberculosis patients. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 144: 69–77.

acquired immunodeficiency; syndrome; comorbidity; contact tracing; epidemiologic factors; HIV seropositivity; infection; tuberculin test; tuberculosis


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