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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 143, No. 12: 1181-1190
Copyright © 1996 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

other

Variables Associated with Cognitive Function in Elderly California Seventh day Adventists

Gary E. Fraser, Pramil N. Singh and Hannelore Bennett

From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the Center for Health Researcg, Loma Linda University School of Public Health, Loma, Linda, CA

From a cohort of white, non-Hispanic California Seventh-day Adventists, 99 subjects over age 75 years in 1991 were randomly selected. Dietary habits and educational status had been measured in 1976. Subjects completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in 1991, and at that time, they or caregivers also gave information on current medical problems and drug therapy. Those who ate more calories in 1976 had lower MMSE scores in 1991 (p = 0.03), an association strengthened by excluding those with previous stroke or Parkinson's disease by 1991. This raises the possibility that higher consumption of calories in middle age may accelerate the decline in cognitive function seen with aging, as apparently occurs in some animals. Less-educated subjects had lower MMSE scores, especially among the very elderly. The statistical model predicts that the negative association between use of psychotropic drugs and MMSE score (p = 0.004) is particularly potent in those cognitively impaired for other reasons. If causal, this suggests that physicians should use these agents very cautiously in such subjects. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 143: 1181–90.

caloric intake; dementia; education; psychotropic drugs; Seventh-day Adventists


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