American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 141, No. 12: 1128-1141
Copyright © 1995 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
research-article |
Prospective Study of Intentional Weight Loss and Mortality in Never-Smoking Overweight US White Women Aged 40–64 Years
1National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA
2National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Hyattsville, MD
3Department of Epidemiology and statistics, American Cancer Society Atlanta, GA
4School of Public Health, Emory University Atlanta, GA
Reprint requests to Dr. David F. Williamson, Division of Diabetes Translation (K-10), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724.
Although 40% of US women indicate they are currently trying to lose weight, the association between intentional weight loss and longevity is unknown. The authors analyzed prospective data from 43,457 overweight, never-smoking US white women aged 40–64 years who in 1959–1960 completed a questionnaire that included questions on weight change direction, amount, time interval, and intentionallty. Vital status was determined in 1972. Proportional hazards regression was used to estimate mortality rate ratios for women who intentionally lost weight compared with women who had no change in weight. Women who died within the first 3 years of follow-up were excluded. Analyses were stratified by preexisting illness and adjusted for age, beginning body mass index, alcohol intake, education, physical activity, and health conditions. In women with obesity-related health conditions (n = 15,069), intentional weight loss of any amount was associated with a 20% reduction in all-cause mortality, primarily due to a 40–50% reduction in mortality from obesity-related cancers; diabetes-associated mortality was also reduced by 30–40% in those who intentionally lost weight. In women with no preexisting illness {n = 28,388), intentional weight loss of 
20 Ib (9.1 kg) that occurred within the previous year was associated with about a 25% reduction in all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality; however, loss of <20 Ib (<9.1 kg) or loss that occurred over an interval of 1 year was generally associated with small to modest increases in mortality. The association between intentional weight loss and longevity in middle-aged overweight women appears to depend on their health status. Intentional weight loss among women with obesity-related conditions is generally associated with decreased premature mortality, whereas among women with no preexisting illness, the association is equivocal.
cardiovascular diseases; diabetes mellitus; mortality; neoplasms; obesity; weight loss
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. Samat, A. Rahim, and A. Barnett Pharmacotherapy for obesity in menopausal women Menopause Int, June 1, 2008; 14(2): 57 - 62. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Rapp, J. Klenk, H. Ulmer, H. Concin, G. Diem, W. Oberaigner, and J. Schroeder Weight change and cancer risk in a cohort of more than 65 000 adults in Austria Ann. Onc., April 1, 2008; 19(4): 641 - 648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Franco, P. Ordunez, B. Caballero, J. A. Tapia Granados, M. Lazo, J. L. Bernal, E. Guallar, and R. S. Cooper Impact of Energy Intake, Physical Activity, and Population-wide Weight Loss on Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Mortality in Cuba, 1980 2005 Am. J. Epidemiol., December 15, 2007; 166(12): 1374 - 1380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Sjostrom, K. Narbro, C. D. Sjostrom, K. Karason, B. Larsson, H. Wedel, T. Lystig, M. Sullivan, C. Bouchard, B. Carlsson, et al. Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Mortality in Swedish Obese Subjects N. Engl. J. Med., August 23, 2007; 357(8): 741 - 752. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. R. Daniels, B. Long, S. Crow, D. Styne, M. Sothern, I. Vargas-Rodriguez, L. Harris, J. Walch, O. Jasinsky, K. Cwik, et al. Cardiovascular Effects of Sibutramine in the Treatment of Obese Adolescents: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Pediatrics, July 1, 2007; 120(1): e147 - e157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. D. Pedersen, J. Kang, and G. A. Kline Portion Control Plate for Weight Loss in Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Controlled Clinical Trial Arch Intern Med, June 25, 2007; 167(12): 1277 - 1283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. R. Wilson and D. D. McAlpine The effectiveness of screening for obesity in primary care: weighing the evidence. Med Care Res Rev, October 1, 2006; 63(5): 570 - 598. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Poirier, T. D. Giles, G. A. Bray, Y. Hong, J. S. Stern, F. X. Pi-Sunyer, and R. H. Eckel Obesity and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology, evaluation, and effect of weight loss. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., May 1, 2006; 26(5): 968 - 976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Poirier, T. D. Giles, G. A. Bray, Y. Hong, J. S. Stern, F. X. Pi-Sunyer, and R. H. Eckel Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Effect of Weight Loss: An Update of the 1997 American Heart Association Scientific Statement on Obesity and Heart Disease From the Obesity Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Circulation, February 14, 2006; 113(6): 898 - 918. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. T Villareal, C. M Apovian, R. F Kushner, and S. Klein Obesity in older adults: technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, The Obesity Society Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 2005; 82(5): 923 - 934. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. F. Van Gaal, I. L. Mertens, and D. Ballaux What is the relationship between risk factor reduction and degree of weight loss? Eur. Heart J. Suppl., November 1, 2005; 7(suppl_L): L21 - L26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. R Wing and S. Phelan Long-term weight loss maintenance Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2005; 82(1): 222S - 225S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. G. Wannamethee, A. G. Shaper, and L. Lennon Reasons for Intentional Weight Loss, Unintentional Weight Loss, and Mortality in Older Men Arch Intern Med, May 9, 2005; 165(9): 1035 - 1040. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Eilat-Adar, M. Eldar, and U. Goldbourt Association of Intentional Changes in Body Weight with Coronary Heart Disease Event Rates in Overweight Subjects Who Have an Additional Coronary Risk Factor Am. J. Epidemiol., February 15, 2005; 161(4): 352 - 358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Buchwald, Y. Avidor, E. Braunwald, M. D. Jensen, W. Pories, K. Fahrbach, and K. Schoelles Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis JAMA, October 13, 2004; 292(14): 1724 - 1737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Maru, Y. T van Der Schouw, C. H. Gimbrere, D. E Grobbee, and P. H. Peeters Body mass index and short-term weight change in relation to mortality in Dutch women after age 50 y Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2004; 80(1): 231 - 236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. A. Bray Medical Consequences of Obesity J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2004; 89(6): 2583 - 2589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Warren, A. Brennan, and R. Akehurst Cost-Effectiveness of Sibutramine in the Treatment of Obesity Med Decis Making, January 1, 2004; 24(1): 9 - 19. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Thorpe Jr. and K. F. Ferraro Aging, Obesity, and Mortality: Misplaced Concern about Obese Older People? Research on Aging, January 1, 2004; 26(1): 108 - 129. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. M. McTigue, R. Harris, B. Hemphill, L. Lux, S. Sutton, A. J. Bunton, and K. N. Lohr Screening and Interventions for Obesity in Adults: Summary of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Ann Intern Med, December 2, 2003; 139(11): 933 - 949. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Eisenberg and R. L. Bell The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Severely Obese Patients With Diabetes Diabetes Spectr, October 1, 2003; 16(4): 240 - 245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A van Baak, E. van Mil, A. V Astrup, N. Finer, L. F Van Gaal, J. Hilsted, P. G Kopelman, S. Rossner, W P. James, and W. H. Saris Leisure-time activity is an important determinant of long-term weight maintenance after weight loss in the Sibutramine Trial on Obesity Reduction and Maintenance (STORM trial) Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2003; 78(2): 209 - 214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Deutsch, K. M. Flegal, D. F. Williamson, B. I. Graubard, P. H. Frankel, G. A. Gaesser, J. A. Smith, E. E. Calle, C. Rodriguez, and M. J. Thun Obesity and Cancer N. Engl. J. Med., July 31, 2003; 349(5): 502 - 504. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. W. Gregg, R. B. Gerzoff, T. J. Thompson, and D. F. Williamson Intentional Weight Loss and Death in Overweight and Obese U.S. Adults 35 Years of Age and Older Ann Intern Med, March 4, 2003; 138(5): 383 - 389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. C. Y. Tong, Z. S. K. Lee, M.-M. Sea, C.-C. Chow, G. T. C. Ko, W.-B. Chan, W.-Y. So, R. C. W. Ma, R. Ozaki, J. Woo, et al. The Effect of Orlistat-Induced Weight Loss, Without Concomitant Hypocaloric Diet, on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Insulin Sensitivity in Young Obese Chinese Subjects With or Without Type 2 Diabetes Arch Intern Med, November 25, 2002; 162(21): 2428 - 2435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. H. Ma, R. Muzumdar, X. M. Yang, I. Gabriely, R. Berger, and N. Barzilai Aging Is Associated With Resistance to Effects of Leptin on Fat Distribution and Insulin Action J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., June 1, 2002; 57(6): B225 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Gabriely, X. H. Ma, X. M. Yang, L. Rossetti, and N. Barzilai Leptin Resistance During Aging Is Independent of Fat Mass Diabetes, April 1, 2002; 51(4): 1016 - 1021. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W.-T. Kong, S.-S. Chua, and S. Alwi Weight Loss Practices Among Malaysian Adults Asia Pac J Public Health, January 1, 2002; 14(2): 99 - 104. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. V. Greco, G. Mingrone, A. Giancaterini, M. Manco, M. Morroni, S. Cinti, M. Granzotto, R. Vettor, S. Camastra, and E. Ferrannini Insulin Resistance in Morbid Obesity: Reversal With Intramyocellular Fat Depletion Diabetes, January 1, 2002; 51(1): 144 - 151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Wirth and J. Krause Long-term Weight Loss With Sibutramine: A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA, September 19, 2001; 286(11): 1331 - 1339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Faraj, P. Jones, A. D. Sniderman, and K. Cianflone Enhanced dietary fat clearance in postobese women J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2001; 42(4): 571 - 580. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I-M. Lee, S. N. Blair, D. B. Allison, A. R. Folsom, T. B. Harris, J. E. Manson, and R. R. Wing Epidemiologic Data on the Relationships of Caloric Intake, Energy Balance, and Weight Gain Over the Life Span With Longevity and Morbidity J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., March 1, 2001; 56(90001): 7 - 19. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Dyer, J. Stamler, and P. Greenland Associations of Weight Change and Weight Variability with Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in the Chicago Western Electric Company Study Am. J. Epidemiol., August 15, 2000; 152(4): 324 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Hauptman, C. Lucas, M. N. Boldrin, H. Collins, and K. R. Segal Orlistat in the Long-term Treatment of Obesity in Primary Care Settings Arch Fam Med, February 1, 2000; 9(2): 160 - 167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.R. Dibben, S. E. Morris, and M.E.J. Lean Situational trust and co-operative partnerships between physicians and their patients: a theoretical explanation transferable from business practice QJM, January 1, 2000; 93(1): 55 - 61. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. C. Willett, W. H. Dietz, and G. A. Colditz Guidelines for Healthy Weight N. Engl. J. Med., August 5, 1999; 341(6): 427 - 434. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Z. Yanovski, R. P Bain, and D. F Williamson Report of a National Institutes of Health–Centers for Disease Control and Prevention workshop on the feasibility of conducting a randomized clinical trial to estimate the long-term health effects of intentional weight loss in obese persons Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 1999; 69(3): 366 - 372. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. H Ditschuneit, M. Flechtner-Mors, T. D Johnson, and G. Adler Metabolic and weight-loss effects of a long-term dietary intervention in obese patients Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 1999; 69(2): 198 - 204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A R Carmichael Current concepts: Treatment for morbid obesity Postgrad. Med. J., January 1, 1999; 75(879): 7 - 12. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Why and how should adults lose weight? DTB, December 1, 1998; 36(12): 89 - 92. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. G. Wannamethee, A. G. Shaper, M. Walker, and S. Ebrahim Lifestyle and 15-Year Survival Free of Heart Attack, Stroke, and Diabetes in Middle-aged British Men Arch Intern Med, December 1, 1998; 158(22): 2433 - 2440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. D Mulrow Evidence based case report: Helping an obese patient make informed choices BMJ, July 25, 1998; 317(7153): 266 - 267. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A-M. McIntyre Burden of Illness Review of Obesity: Are the true costs realised? The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, April 1, 1998; 118(2): 76 - 84. [Abstract]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P. Kassirer and M. Angell Losing Weight -- An Ill-Fated New Year's Resolution N. Engl. J. Med., January 1, 1998; 338(1): 52 - 54. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Fredman and M. P. Daly Weight Change: An Indicator of Caregiver Stress J Aging Health, February 1, 1997; 9(1): 43 - 69. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Manson and G. A. Faich Pharmacotherapy for Obesity -- Do the Benefits Outweigh the Risks? N. Engl. J. Med., August 29, 1996; 335(9): 659 - 660. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J S Garrow Penalties of shifting weight BMJ, December 23, 1995; 311(7021): 1653 - 1654. [Full Text]
|
|