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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 140, No. 9: 839-847
Copyright © 1994 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

Toxocara Seroprevalence in 5-Year-Old Elementary Schoolchildren: Relation with Allergic Asthma

Jannie Buijs1,, Gerard Borsboom2, Justus J. van Gemund3, Alice Hazebroek4, Paul A. M. van Dongen5, Frans van Knapen1 and Herman J. Neijens6

1National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Laboratory for Parasitology and Mycology Bilthoven, the Netherlands
2Physiology Department, Leiden University Leiden, the Netherlands
3Public Health Service, Department of Youth Health Care The Hague, the Netherlands
4Public Health Service, Department of Youth Health Care Rotterdam, the Netherlands
5Dr. Paul Janssen Foundation Tilburg, the Netherlands
6Sophia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Subdepartment of Infectious and Immune Diseases, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands

Reprint requests to Dr. Jannie Buijs, National Insti tute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, P. O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands

Toxocara seroprevalence and the relation between Toxocara seroprevalence and allergic asthma were investigated in Dutch schoolchildren aged 4–6 years. Data on Toxocara antibodies, allergen-specific immunoglobulin E, allergic manifestations, and risk factors (pets and playgrounds) were obtained from 235 children from The Hague and 477 from Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The surveys were carried out from Sep tember 1987 to January 1988 in The Hague and in March and April 1989 in Rotterdam. Logistic regression was used to evaluate putative relations. Toxocara seroprevalence was higher in The Hague (11 %) than in Rotterdam (6%), but this difference was not quite significant. Seroprevalences varied widely among schools. No differences be tween socioeconomic categories or between the sexes were found. Occurrences of asthma/recurrent bronchitis and hospitalization due to asthma/recurrent bronchitis were significantly associated with seroprevatence. Furthermore, a marginally signifi cant relation with eczema was found. Immunoglobulin E specific for inhaled allergens occurred significantly more often in the Toxocara-seropositive group. The risk factors investigated were not related to seroprevalence. It is suggested that Toxocara, among other environmental factors, may stimulate polyclonally immunoglobulin E production, including allergen-specific immunoglobulin E, and thus may contribute to the manifestation of allergic asthma and possibly of eczema in children predisposed to allergy. Am J Epidemiol 1994;140:839–47.

child; hypersensitivity; IgE; prevalence; risk factors; Toxocara


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