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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 137, No. 4: 404-408
Copyright © 1993 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

Calcium, Magnesium, and Free Fatty Acids in the Formation of Gallstones: A Nested Case-Control Study

Martin Rudnicki1, Torben Jørgensen1, Kirsten Hougaard Jensen1 and Jørgen Thode2

1The Glostrup Population Studies, Department of Internal Medicine C, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark
2Department of Clinical Chemistry, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark

In a nested case-control study, calcium status was assessed by measurements of serum total calcium, magnesium, phosphate, ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone, albumin, total CO2 (bicarbonate), and free fatty acids in relation to gallstone formation The subjects were recruited from a cohort study (n = 4,581) on the epidemiology of gallstones in Denmark. The cohort was examined with ultrasonography twice, in 1983 and 1988; 63 subjects developed gallstones, and among those who did not, 122 were randomly selected as controls Subjects with gallstones had significantly increased serum concentrations of total calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate as compared with normal subjects. The difference was only observed in women Age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking did not influence the results when included as covariables in a logistic regression analysis Multivanate analysis showed increased concentrations of magnesium, bicarbonate, and parathyroid hormone to be significantly associated with gallstone disease in women No significant association was observed between gallstone disease and serum variables in men.

bicarbonates, calcium; cholelithiasis; parathyroid hormones


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