American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 137, No. 3: 318-330
Copyright © 1993 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Depressive Symptoms and Headaches in Relation to Proximity of Residence to an Alternating-Current Transmission Line Right-of-way
1Epidemiology Resources Inc. One Newton Executive Park, Newton Lower Falls, MA
2Environmental Research Information, Inc. 800 Summer Street, Suite 500, Stamford, CT
Reprint requests to Dr. Nancy A. Dreyer, Epidermiology Resources Inc., One Newton Executive Park, Newton Lower Falls, MA 02162.
Electric power transmission lines have become objects of public controversy. Hypotheses have linked neurobehavioral effects to the electric and magnetic fields that these lines produce. The authors conducted a telephone interview survey in November 1987 to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and headache in relation to proximity of residence to an alternating-current transmission line in the United States. Proximity to the line, defined as residing on a property abutting the right-of-way or being able to see the towers from one's house or yard, was positively associated with a measure of depressive symptoms. The association was not explained by demographic variables associated with depression or by attitudes about power lines or other environmental issues. The estimated prevalence odds ratio was 2.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–5.1). The estimate did not change appreciably when the definitions of depressive symptoms or of proximity to the line were altered. Nonmigraine headaches had a weaker association with proximity to the line (odds ratio = 1.5, 95% CI 0.76–2.8), and self-reported migraine headaches exhibited no association (odds ratio = 0.99, 95% CI 0.29–3.4). Additional studies of psychological and behavioral measures should be conducted in relation to electric and magnetic fields, with a strong emphasis on improved exposure assessment.
cross-sectional studies; depression; electromagnetics; headache; migraine
3Current address: 114 Pleasant Street Cambridge, MA.
4Current address: Electric Power Research Institute, 3412 Hillview Avenue, P.O. Box 10412, Palo Alto, CA.
5Current address: Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard University School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA.
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