American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 137, No. 3: 311-317
Copyright © 1993 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
research-article |
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases among Older Adults
The Cardiovascular Health Study
1Department of Public Health Sciences, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University Winston-Salem, NC
2Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington Seattle, WA
3Department of Medicine, University of Alberta. Edmonton Alberta. Canada
4Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD
5University of Nevada-Reno Reno, NV
6Department of Pathology, University of Vermont Burlington, VT
7Depertment of Medicine, University of California, Irvine Orange, CA
8Department of Radiology, Geisinger Medical Center Danville, PA
Reprint requests to Dr. Richard Kronmal, Cardiovascular Health Study Coordinating Center, JD-30, Room 530,1107 N.E. 45th Street, Seattle, WA 98105.
The Cardiovascular Health Study is a population-based longitudinal study of 5,201 adults aged 65 years and older. Prevalences of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, penpheral artery disease, stroke, and transient ischemic attack were ascertained between June 1989 and May 1990 in participants recruited from Forsyth County, North Carolina; Washington County, Maryland; Sacramento County, California; and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. A medical history was taken to obtain self- reports of prevalent disease. For all participants, use of nitrates was ascertained to document angina, electrocardiograms were used to document prevalent myocardial infarction, and ankle-arm blood pressure studies were used to document peripheral artery disease. Self-reports of disease that were not confirmed by examination findings were further investigated by examination of medical records. Reported disease that was confirmed by examination findings or by medical records was classified as "definite". Disease that was documented by examination, but not reported by the participant, was classified as unreported.' The prevalence rates of definite myocardial infarction and angina were 11% and 15%, respectively, among men aged 65–69 years, 18% and 17% among men aged 80–84 years, 4% and 8% among women aged 65–69 years, and 3% and 13% among women aged 80–84 years. Twenty-three percent of men and 38% of women with electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction did not report it. These results suggest that prevalent disease estimates based only on self-report may underestimate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in older Americans.
aging; cardiovascular diseases
9Participating institutions and principal staff: Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Forsyth County, NC–Dr. Gregory L Burke, Marie E. Cody, R. Gale Cruise, Dr. Walter H. Ettinger, Dr. Curt D. Furberg, Dr. Gerardo Heiss, Dr. H. Sidney Klopfenstein, Dr. David S. Lefkowitz, Dr. Mary F. Lytes, Dr. Maurice B. Mittelmark, Dr. Gretne S. Tell, and Dr. James F. Toole; University of California, Davis, Sacramento County, CA–Dr. William Bommer, Dr. Marshall Lee, Dr. John Robbins, and Dr. Marc Schenker; The Johns Hopkins University, Washington County, MD–Dr. Nick R Bryan, Dr. Trudy L. Bush, Joyce B. Chabot, Dr. George W. Comstock, Dr. Linda P. Fried, Dr. Pearl S. German, Joel G. Hill, Dr. Steven J. Kittner, Dr. Shiriki Kumanyfoa, Dr. Neil R. Powe, Dr. Thomas R. Price, Dr. Robert Rock, and Dr. Moyses Szklo; University of Pittsburgh, ABegheny County, PA–Janet Bonk, Dr. Lewis H. Kiiler, Bett McLaughlin, Peg Meyer, Dr. Anne Newman, Dr. Trevor J. Orchard, Dr. Gale H. Rutan, Dr. RichardSchulz, Vrvienne E. Smith, and Dr. Sidney K Wolfson, Jr.; Echocardiography Reading Center, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA–Dr. Hoda Anton–Ciiver, Dr. Julius M. Gardin, Margaret Knoll, and Dr. Nathan Wong; Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA–Dr Daniel H. O'Leary; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA–Dr. Joseph F. Polak; Central Blood Analysis Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT–Dr. Edwin Bovill, Elaine Cornell, Paula Howard, and Dr. Russell P. Tracy; University of Arizona, Tucson, A2–Dr. Paul Enright; Electrocardiography Reading Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada–Dr. Harry Calhoun, Kns Calhoun, Patty Montague, Farida Rautaharju, and Dr. Pentti Rautaharju; Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA–Dr. Nemat 0. Borhani, Annette L. Rtzpatrick, Bonnie K. Hermanson, Dr. Richard A. Kronmal, Dr. Bruce M. Psaty, Dr. David S. Siscovick, and Dr. Patricia W. Wahl; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Project Office, Bethesda, MD–Dr. Diane E. Bid, Dr Ten A. Manolio, Dr. Peter J. Savage, and Patricia Smith.
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