American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 137, No. 2: 171-177
Copyright © 1993 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Does Body Fatness Modify the Effect of Dietary Cholesterol on Serum Cholesterol? Results from the Chicago Western Electric Study
1University of Texas School of Public Health Houston, TX
2Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Mediane Houston, TX
3Department of Human Nutrition, Wageningen Agricultural University Wageningen, The Netherlands
4Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, IL
Reprint requests to Dr. David C. Goff, Jr., University of Texas School of Public Health, P.O. Box 20186, Houston, TX 77225
The hypothesis that lean persons are more responsive than fat persons to the effects of dietary cholesterol was investigated in 1,903 middle-aged employed men who were examined in 1958 and 1959 as participants in the Chicago Western Electric Study. Change in intake of dietary cholesterol was positively associated with change in serum cholesterol for men in the lowest tertile of body mass index (defined as weight (kg)/ height (m)2) (<24.2) but not for men in the highest tertile (>26.6) after adjustment for change in body mass index and change in intakes of energy and saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. A decrease of 150 mg/1,000 kcal in dietary cholesterol was associated with mean changes of –0.46, –0.18, and 0.13 mmol/liter in serum cholesterol for men with body mass indices of <24.2, 24.2–26.6, and >26.6, respectively. Body mass index was strongly correlated with subscapular skinfold thickness; thus, these differences in body mass index reflect true differences in adiposity. These results may help to explain inconsistencies that have occurred in feeding experiments with dietary cholesterol, and they suggest that a reduction in dietary cholesterol should have a more favorable effect on the serum cholesterol levels of fat persons after they have lost weight. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:171–7.
body mass index; cholesterol; dietary fats; fatty acids; unsaturated; obesity
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