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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 136, No. 7: 895-907
Copyright © 1992 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Prevalence and Risk Determinants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) in West African Female Prostitutes
1 Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health , Boston, MA
2 Laboratory of Virology and Bacteriology, University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar, Senegal
3 Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA
4 Institute of Social Hygiene Dakar, Senegal
Reprint requests to Dr Phyllis J Kanki, Department of Cancer Biology, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
Received for publication October 7, 1991. Revision received March 11, 1992. The authors studied the prevalence and risk determinants for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) in female prostitutes from Dakar (1985–1990), Ziguinchor (1987–1990), and Kaolack (1 987–1990), Senegal, West Africa. Each cohort showed a distinct distribution of HIVs: 10.0% HIV-2 and 4.1% HIV-1 in Dakar, 38.1% HIV-2 and 0.4% HIV-1 in Ziguinchor, and 27.4% HIV-2 and 1.3% HIV-1 in Kaolack. In 1,275 female prostitutes from Dakar, increased years of sexual activity and a history of scarification were associated with HIV-2 seropositivity. In contrast, HIV-1 seroprevalence was associated with a shorter duration of prostitution and a history of hospitalization. In 278 female prostitutes from Ziguinchor, HIV-2 seroprevalence was associated with women of Guinea-Bissau nationality and increased years of sexual activity. In 157 female prostitutes from Kaolack, HIV-2 seroprevalence was associated with increased years of sexual activity and a history of never using condoms. The authors also studied the risk determinants for HIV-2 in the 1,280 Senegalese prostitutes pooled from all three sites. Controlling for ethnic group, women from Ziguinchor and Kaolack were more likely to be HIV-2 seropositive as compared with women from the Dakar site. Increased years of sexual activity were associated with HIV-2 seropositivity, while a history of excision and BCG vaccinations decreased the risk of HIV-2 infection.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HIV; HIV seropositivity; HIV-2; prostitution
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