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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 136, No. 4: 377-388
Copyright © 1992 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

Birth Defects in Norway by Levels of External and Food-based Exposure to Radiation from Chernobyl

Rolv Terje Lie1,, Lorentz M. Irgens1, Rolv Skjærven2, Jon B. Reitan3, Per Strand3 and Terje Strand3

1Medical Birth Registry of Norway, University of Bergen Bergen, Norway
2Section for Medical Informatics and Statistics, University of Bergen Bergen, Norway
3National Institute of Radiation Hygiene Osterås, Norway

Reprint requests to Dr. Roiv T. Lie, Medisinsk Fødsels-register, Armauer Hansens Hus, Haukeland Sykehus, 5021

In Norway, external doses of radiation resulting from fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident were estimated from detailed measurements, including soil deposition patterns. Internal doses were estimated from measurements of radioactive cesium in meat and milk supplies. The doses were calculated as average monthly doses for each of 454 municipalities durIng 36 consecutIve months after the accident In sprIng 1986. Prospectively collected data on all newborns listed in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway who were conceived in the period May 1983–April 1989 were used to assess possible dose-response relations between estimated external and food-based exposures and congenital malformations and some other conditions. A positive association was observed between total radiation dose (external plus food-based) and hydrocephaly, while a negative association was observed for Down's syndrome. However, an important conclusion of the study was that no associations were found for conditions previously reported to be associated with radiation, i.e., small head circumference, congenital cataracts, anencephaly, spina biflda, and low birth weight. Potential sources of bias, including exposure misclassification and incomplete ascertainment of cases, are discussed.

abnormalities; radiation-induced


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