American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 135, No. 9: 1029-1041
Copyright © 1992 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Selection of Controls in Case-Control Studies: II. Types of Controls
1Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD
2Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN.
Reprint requests to Dr. Sholom Wacholder, Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, 6130 Executive Blvd., EPN 403, Rockville, MD 20892.
Types of control groups are evaluated using the principles described in paper 1 of the series, "Selection of Controls in Case-Control Studies* (S. Wacholder et al. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 135: 1019–28). Advantages and disadvantages of population controls, neighborhood controls, hospital or registry controls, medical practice controls, friend controls, and relative controls are considered. Problems with the use of deceased controls and proxy respondents are discussed. Am J Epidemiol 1992; 135: 1029–41
bias (epidemiology); epidemiologic methods; retrospective studies
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