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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 135, No. 5: 459-461
Copyright © 1992 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

other

The "Over-exposed" Control Group

Ernst L. Wynder and Steven D. Stellman

From the American Health Foundation New York, NK

Reprint requests to Dr. Steven D. Stellman, Department of Epidemiology, American Health Foundation, 320 East 43rd Street, New York, NY 10017

Relative risk is determined as much by the level of exposure among controls as among cases. If cases and controls are drawn from a population in which the range of exposures is narrow, then a study may yield little information about potential health effects. This may be one reason why an association between dietary fat and cancer has not been consistency observed in Western populations. Since the fat intake as a percent of total calories in the US general population varies little, only very large relative risks can be detected in epidemiotogic studies. Investigators of the dietary fat hypothesis need to select study groups from populations where the risk factor is not, essentially, narrowly distributed.

diet; dietary fats; epidemiotogic methods; relative risk


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