American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 134, No. 2: 220-231
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
other |
Physical Activity and Depression: Evidence from the Alameda County Study
1 Human Population Laboratory, California Department of Health Services Berkeley, CA
2 Social Psychiatry Research Group and School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, TX
3 Human Population Laboratory, California Public Health Foundation Berkeley, CA
Reprint requests to Dr. George A. Kaplan, Human Population Laboratory, California Department of Health Services, 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 2, Berkeley, CA 94704.
The relation between level of physical activity and risk of subsequent depression was examined using three waves of data from the Alameda County Study. Among subjects who were not depressed at baseline, those who reported a low activity level were at significantly greater risk for depression at the 1974 follow-up than were those who reported high levels of activity at baseline. Adjustments for physical health, socioeco-nomic status, life events, social supports, and other health habits did not affect the association appreciably. Associations between 1965–1974 changes in activity level and depression in the 1983 follow-up suggest that the risk of depression can be altered by changes in exercise habits, although these associations were not statistically significant after adjustment for covariates. These results provide somewhat stronger evidence for an activity-depression link than do previous studies, and they argue for the inclusion of exercise programs as part of community mental health programs, as well as for further studies that focus on the relation between life-style and mental health. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 134: 220–31.
depression; exercise; prospective studies
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Boettger, F. Wetzig, C. Puta, L. Donath, H.-J. Muller, H. H. W. Gabriel, and K.-J. Bar Physical Fitness and Heart Rate Recovery Are Decreased in Major Depressive Disorder Psychosom Med, June 1, 2009; 71(5): 519 - 523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. Goldbacher, J. Bromberger, and K. A. Matthews Lifetime History of Major Depression Predicts the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Women Psychosom Med, April 1, 2009; 71(3): 266 - 272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. G. Blazer Depression in Late Life: Review and Commentary Focus, January 1, 2009; 7(1): 118 - 136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F Muller-Riemenschneider, T Reinhold, and S N Willich Cost-effectiveness of interventions promoting physical activity Br. J. Sports Med., January 1, 2009; 43(1): 70 - 76. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Pasco, L. J. Williams, F. N. Jacka, F. Ng, M. J. Henry, G. C. Nicholson, M. A. Kotowicz, and M. Berk Tobacco smoking as a risk factor for major depressive disorder: population-based study The British Journal of Psychiatry, October 1, 2008; 193(4): 322 - 326. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. H. M. De Moor, D. I. Boomsma, J. H. Stubbe, G. Willemsen, and E. J. C. de Geus Testing Causality in the Association Between Regular Exercise and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Arch Gen Psychiatry, August 1, 2008; 65(8): 897 - 905. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Choi, J. Wilbur, A. Miller, L. Szalacha, and E. McAuley Correlates of Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Korean Immigrant Women West J Nurs Res, August 1, 2008; 30(5): 620 - 638. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P J Surkan, I Kawachi, and K E Peterson Childhood overweight and maternal depressive symptoms J Epidemiol Community Health, May 1, 2008; 62(5): e11 - e11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. J. Wiles, A. M. Haase, J. Gallacher, D. A. Lawlor, and G. Lewis Physical Activity and Common Mental Disorder: Results from the Caerphilly Study Am. J. Epidemiol., April 15, 2007; 165(8): 946 - 954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. J. Carod-Artal Are Mood Disorders a Stroke Risk Factor? Stroke, January 1, 2007; 38(1): 1 - 3. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B Evanoff Physical activity, psychological complaints, and occupational health Occup. Environ. Med., January 1, 2006; 63(1): 2 - 3. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C M Bernaards, M P Jans, S G van den Heuvel, I J Hendriksen, I L Houtman, and P M Bongers Can strenuous leisure time physical activity prevent psychological complaints in a working population? Occup. Environ. Med., January 1, 2006; 63(1): 10 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. L. Hurwitz, H. Morgenstern, and C. Chiao Effects of Recreational Physical Activity and Back Exercises on Low Back Pain and Psychological Distress: Findings From the UCLA Low Back Pain Study Am J Public Health, October 1, 2005; 95(10): 1817 - 1824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. L. Burdette and R. C. Whitaker Resurrecting Free Play in Young Children: Looking Beyond Fitness and Fatness to Attention, Affiliation, and Affect Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, January 1, 2005; 159(1): 46 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. S. Lett, J. A. Blumenthal, M. A. Babyak, A. Sherwood, T. Strauman, C. Robins, and M. F. Newman Depression as a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Treatment Psychosom Med, May 1, 2004; 66(3): 305 - 315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. T. Phillips, M. Kiernan, and A. C. King Physical Activity as a Nonpharmacological Treatment for Depression: A Review Complementary Health Practice Review, April 1, 2003; 8(2): 139 - 152. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. G. Blazer Depression in Late Life: Review and Commentary J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., March 1, 2003; 58(3): M249 - 265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Li, D. Hansen, P. B. Mortensen, and J. Olsen Myocardial Infarction in Parents Who Lost a Child: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study in Denmark Circulation, September 24, 2002; 106(13): 1634 - 1639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. J. Strawbridge, S. Deleger, R. E. Roberts, and G. A. Kaplan Physical Activity Reduces the Risk of Subsequent Depression for Older Adults Am. J. Epidemiol., August 15, 2002; 156(4): 328 - 334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. W. J. H. Penninx, W. J. Rejeski, J. Pandya, M. E. Miller, M. Di Bari, W. B. Applegate, and M. Pahor Exercise and Depressive Symptoms: A Comparison of Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Effects on Emotional and Physical Function in Older Persons With High and Low Depressive Symptomatology J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., March 1, 2002; 57(2): P124 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. May, P. McCarron, S. Stansfeld, Y. Ben-Shlomo, J. Gallacher, J. Yarnell, G. Davey Smith, P. Elwood, and S. Ebrahim Does Psychological Distress Predict the Risk of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack?: The Caerphilly Study Stroke, January 1, 2002; 33(1): 7 - 12. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Kritz-Silverstein, E. Barrett-Connor, and C. Corbeau Cross-sectional and Prospective Study of Exercise and Depressed Mood in the Elderly : The Rancho Bernardo Study Am. J. Epidemiol., March 15, 2001; 153(6): 596 - 603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Gazmararian, D. Baker, R. Parker, and D. G. Blazer A Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated With Depression: Evaluating the Role of Health Literacy as a Potential Contributor Arch Intern Med, November 27, 2000; 160(21): 3307 - 3314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Babyak, J. A. Blumenthal, S. Herman, P. Khatri, M. Doraiswamy, K. Moore, W. E. Craighead, T. T. Baldewicz, and K. R. Krishnan Exercise Treatment for Major Depression: Maintenance of Therapeutic Benefit at 10 Months Psychosom Med, September 1, 2000; 62(5): 633 - 638. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Jonas and M. E. Mussolino Symptoms of Depression as a Prospective Risk Factor for Stroke Psychosom Med, July 1, 2000; 62(4): 463 - 471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R.P. Steeds and K.S. Channer Depression: the sleeping giant Eur. Heart J., March 2, 2000; 21(6): 427 - 429. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. M. Clark, N. K. Janz, J. A. Dodge, M. A. Schork, T. E. Fingerlin, J. R. C. Wheeler, J. Liang, S. J. Keteyian, and J. T. Santinga Changes in Functional Health Status of Older Women With Heart Disease: Evaluation of a Program Based on Self-Regulation J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., March 1, 2000; 55(2): 117S - 126. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Ernst, J. I. Rand, and C. Stevinson Complementary Therapies for Depression: An Overview Arch Gen Psychiatry, November 1, 1998; 55(11): 1026 - 1032. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Everson, R. E. Roberts, D. E. Goldberg, and G. A. Kaplan Depressive Symptoms and Increased Risk of Stroke Mortality Over a 29-Year Period Arch Intern Med, May 25, 1998; 158(10): 1133 - 1138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. F. Fletcher, G. Balady, S. N. Blair, J. Blumenthal, C. Caspersen, B. Chaitman, S. Epstein, E. S. S. Froelicher, V. F. Froelicher, I. L. Pina, et al. Statement on Exercise: Benefits and Recommendations for Physical Activity Programs for All Americans: A Statement for Health Professionals by the Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association Circulation, August 15, 1996; 94(4): 857 - 862. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Genovese, M. K. Libbus, and M. J. Poole Organized Aerobic Exercise and Depression in Male County Jail Inmates Journal of Correctional Health Care, April 1, 1995; 2(1): 5 - 16. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. McAuley, C. Lox, D. Rudolph, and A. Travis Self-Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation in Exercising Middle-Aged Adults Journal of Applied Gerontology, December 1, 1994; 13(4): 355 - 370. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Libbus, J. A. Genovese, and M. J. Poole Organized Aerobic Exercise and Depression in Male County Jail Inmates Journal of Correctional Health Care, October 1, 1994; 1(1): 5 - 16. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Libbus, J. A. Genovese, and M. J. Poole Organized Aerobic Exercise and Depression in Male County Jail Inmates Journal of Correctional Health Care, January 1, 1994; 1(2): 5 - 16. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|