American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 133, No. 3: 286-295
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Risk Factors for Carriage of Meningococcus in the Los Angeles County Men's Jail System
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC
2Department of Health Services County of Los Angeles CA
3Food and Drug AdmInIstration Bethesda, MD
4Center for Infectious Diseases Atlanta, GA
5Sheriff Services County of Los Angeles, CA
Reprint requests to Dr. J. Conley Thomas, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7400, Rosenau Hail, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400
Ten cases of meningococcal meningitis in the Los Angeles County men's jail system in 1986 were the first known reported cases in this population. New cases have continued into 1990. Nineteen of 21 symptomatic cases identified by serogroup from the men's jail occurring through 1988 had serogroup C. The prevalence of meningococcal carriage and potential risk factors were studied in 1988 among 150 men booked to enter the jail, 350 inmates being released, and 100 jail staff. The prevalence of meningococcal carriage among releases, bookings, and staff were 25.4%, 18.7%, and 5.0%, respectively. Among releases, imprisonment longer than a threshold of 28 days increased carriage of serogroup C 10.0 times (95% confidence interval (Cl) 4.6–21.6). Among bookings, household crowding increased serogroup C carnage 8.2 times (95% Cl 1.5–45.3). Direct and passive smoking at home increased carriage of any serogroup 5.2 (95% Cl 1.2–47.5) and 2.5 (95% Cl 1.1–5.8) times, respectively. Feasible potential interventions indude banning smoking in the jail and immunization with quadnvalent meningococcal vaccine of booked men sentenced for one month or more.
meningitis; meningococcal; primary prevention; prisoners; risk factors
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