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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 133, No. 2: 202-207
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

The Effect on the Stratum-specific Odds Ratios of Nondifferential Misclassification of a Dichotomous Covariate

Brian Cox1,2 and J. Mark Elwood1,

1Hugh Adam Cancer Epidenulology Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin New Zealand
2International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon France

Reprint requests to Prof. J. Mark Elwood, Hugh Adam Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand

Precise measurement of confounding or effect modifying variables is seldom possible. Nondifferential misclassification of such a variable can introduce bias in the odds ratios within the strata of the confounding variable. For two strata, the effect on the odds ratios is dependent on separate measures of the degree of nondifferentia] misclassification of the confounding variable. The authors investigate the bias in the stratum-specific odds ratios from nondifferentia] misclassification of a confounder in a case-control study, and show how estimates of the true stratum-specific odds ratios can be derived For one stratum, the degree of bias introduced in the odds ratio is dependent only on the sensitivity of the measure of the confounding variable while only the specificity of this measure determines the bias introduced in the other stratum-specific odds ratio. The results are applied to a case-control study of fenoterol prescription and asthma death. Am J Epidemiol 1991133.202-7.

asthma; case-control studies; fenoterol; misclassification


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