American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 133, No. 12: 1231-1245
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Comparison of Two Methods of Assessing Physical Activity in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
1Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program (Northern California Region) Oakland, CA
2Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN
3Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University Stanford, CA
4Cooper Green Hospital Birmingham, AL
5Behavior Medicine Unit, Division of General and Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham, AL
6National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda, MD
7Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Utah Medical School Salt Lake City, UT
8Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, IL
Reprint requests to Dr. Stephen Sidney, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, 3451 Piedmont Avenue, Oakland, CA 94611.
Physical activity was assessed by questionnaire among 4,956 young blacks and whites aged 18–30 years at the baseline examination (1985–1986) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a longitudinal study of cardiovascular risk factors. The Physical Activity Recall questionnaire categorized all activity during the previous week, while the Physical Activity History questionnaire quantified participation in 13 specific activities during the previous year. This report compares the two questionnaires with regard to their characterization of the activity levels of the sociodemographic subgroups of the study population and their associations with known physiologic correlates of physical activity. Both questionnaires resulted in the same physical activity patterns for sex (men > women) and age (younger > older) strata. However, the mean Physical Activity History score was higher in white women than in black women, while the Physical Activity Recall scores were nearly equal. The Physical Activity History score was directly related to educational status, and the Physical Activity Recall score was inversely related to educational status. The Physical Activity History score was generally more strongly associated with physiologic variables known to be related to physical activity (e.g., treadmill test duration). Based upon these findings, which may only be appropriate in this age group, it was concluded that the Physical Activity History score was the more valid measure of habitual physical activity in this study group of young adults.
cardiovascular disease; coronary disease; exercise; physical fitness; questionnaires; risk factors
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