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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 133, No. 11: 1105-1113
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

Landscape Ecology of Lyme Disease in a Residential Area of Westchester County, New York

Gary O. Maupin1,, Durland Fish2, Jodie Zultowsky2 3, Eduardo G. Campos1 and Joseph Piesman1

1Divsion of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Public Heath Service, US Department of Health and Human Services Fort Collins, CO
2Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, New York Medical College Valhalla, NY

Reprints requests to Gary O. Maupin, Division of Vectorborne Infectious Diseases, Center for infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, P.O. Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522-2087.

The landscape ecology of Lyme disease was studied in 1989 on 67 residences in an endemic area of Armonk, Westchester County, a northern suburb of New York City. Four main habitat types were defined, and each property was surveyed for immature and adult Ixodes dammini ticks; 98.6% of 1,790 ticks collected were I. dammini. Overall, 67.3% were collected from woods, 21.6% from ecotone (unrnaintained edge), 9.1% from ornamental vegetation, and 2% from lawns. Larval ticks were concentrated in woods, but nymphs and adults were widely dispersed in all habitats. Tick abundance was positively correlated with property size. Larger properties (≥O.5 acre) were more likely to have woodlots and, hence, more ticks. Dark-field and direct fluorescent microscopic examination of tick midgut tissues revealed that 29.6% of nymphs and 49.7% of adults were infected with Borrelia burgdorferi. Infected nymphs and adults were found on 36% and 60% of properties, respectively. These data indicate that the abundance of ticks capable of transmitting Lyme disease spirochetes is related to landscape features of the suburban residential environment.

Borrelia; ecology; Lyme disease; residence characteristics; ticks

3Present address: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, 118 Newins Ziegler Hall, University of Florida, Gamesville FL.


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