American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 132, No. 3: 501-513
Copyright © 1990 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
research-article |
WEIGHT AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CLINICAL DIABETES IN WOMEN
1The Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA
2Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA
3Department of Preventive Medicine, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA
4Department of Medicine, The Mount Auburn Hospital and Harvard Medical School Cambridge, MA
Reprint requests to Dr. G. A. Colditz, Channing Laboratory, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-5899
To determine the relation of body mass index (weight/height2) with the risk of clinical non-insulin-dependent diabetes, the authors analyzed data from a cohort of 113,861 US women aged 30–55 years in 1976. During 8 years of follow-up (826,010 person-years), 873 definite cases were identified among women initially free from diagnosed diabetes. Among women of average body mass index, 23–23.9 kg/m2 the relative risk was 3.6 times that of women having a body mass index less than 22 kg/m2 The risk continued to increase above this level of body mass index. The authors observed a much weaker positive association with weight at age 18, and this association was eliminated after adjustment for current body mass index. Thus, weight gain after age 18 was a major determinant of risk. For an increase of 20–35 kg, the relative risk was 11.3, and for an increase of more than 35 kg, the relative risk was 17.3. Adjusting for family history did not appreciably alter the strong relation observed among women at average levels of body mass index. These data indicate that, at even average weight, women are at increased risk of clinical non-insulin-dependent diabetes and that the relation between body mass index and risk of diabetes is continuous.
diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent; incidence; obesity; women
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 J.M. Tremble and D. Donaldson Is continued weight gain inevitable in type 2 diabetes mellitus? Perspectives in Public Health, December 1, 1999; 119(4): 235 - 239. [Abstract] [PDF]
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F. B. Hu, R. J. Sigal, J. W. Rich-Edwards, G. A. Colditz, C. G. Solomon, W. C. Willett, F. E. Speizer, and J. E. Manson Walking Compared With Vigorous Physical Activity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women: A Prospective Study JAMA, October 20, 1999; 282(15): 1433 - 1439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. L. Brancati, N.-Y. Wang, L. A. Mead, K.-Y. Liang, and M. J. Klag Body Weight Patterns From 20 to 49 Years of Age and Subsequent Risk for Diabetes Mellitus: The Johns Hopkins Precursors Study Arch Intern Med, May 10, 1999; 159(9): 957 - 963. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. E. Field, L. Cheung, A. M. Wolf, D. B. Herzog, S. L. Gortmaker, and G. A. Colditz Exposure to the Mass Media and Weight Concerns Among Girls Pediatrics, March 1, 1999; 103(3): 36e - 36. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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I. Thune, I. Njolstad, M.-L. Lochen, and O. H. Forde Physical Activity Improves the Metabolic Risk Profiles in Men and Women: The Tromso Study Arch Intern Med, August 10, 1998; 158(15): 1633 - 1640. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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A. E. Field, R. M. Krauss, R. H. Eckel, W. H. Dietz, A. L. Franks, J. S. Marks, G. A. Gaesser, J. M. McGinnis, W. H. Foege, A. Werner, et al. The Obesity Problem N. Engl. J. Med., April 16, 1998; 338(16): 1156 - 1158. [Full Text]
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 W. H. Dietz Childhood Weight Affects Adult Morbidity and Mortality J. Nutr., February 1, 1998; 128(2): 411 - 411. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. D. Naylor, M. Sermer, E. Chen, D. Farine, and The Toronto Trihospital Gestational Diabetes Proje Selective Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus N. Engl. J. Med., November 27, 1997; 337(22): 1591 - 1596. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. G. Solomon, W. C. Willett, V. J. Carey, J. Rich-Edwards, D. J. Hunter, G. A. Colditz, M. J. Stampfer, F. E. Speizer, D. Spiegelman, and J. E. Manson A Prospective Study of Pregravid Determinants of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus JAMA, October 1, 1997; 278(13): 1078 - 1083. [Abstract] [PDF]
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K. M. Rexrode, C. H. Hennekens, W. C. Willett, G. A. Colditz, M. J. Stampfer, J. W. Rich-Edwards, F. E. Speizer, and J. E. Manson A Prospective Study of Body Mass Index, Weight Change, and Risk of Stroke in Women JAMA, May 21, 1997; 277(19): 1539 - 1545. [Abstract] [PDF]
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R. Klein, B. E. K. Klein, and S. E. Moss Is Obesity Related to Microvascular and Macrovascular Complications in Diabetes? The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy Arch Intern Med, March 24, 1997; 157(6): 650 - 656. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. Salmeron, J. E. Manson, M. J. Stampfer, G. A. Colditz, A. L. Wing, and W. C. Willett Dietary Fiber, Glycemic Load, and Risk of Non--insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Women JAMA, February 12, 1997; 277(6): 472 - 477. [Abstract] [PDF]
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G. C. Curhan, W. C. Willett, E. B. Rimm, D. Spiegelman, A. L. Ascherio, and M. J. Stampfer Birth Weight and Adult Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and Obesity in US Men Circulation, December 15, 1996; 94(12): 3246 - 3250. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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F. Grodstein, R. Levine, L. T. T. Spencer, G. A. Colditz, and M. J. Stampfer Three-Year Follow-up of Participants in a Commercial Weight Loss Program: Can You Keep It Off? Arch Intern Med, June 24, 1996; 156(12): 1302 - 1306. [Abstract] [PDF]
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E. B Rimm, J. Chan, M. J Stampfer, G. A Colditz, and W. C Willett Prospective study of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and the risk of diabetes in men BMJ, March 4, 1995; 310(6979): 555 - 559. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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W. C. Willett, J. E. Manson, M. J. Stampfer, G. A. Colditz, B. Rosner, F. E. Speizer, and C. H. Hennekens Weight, Weight Change, and Coronary Heart Disease in Women: Risk Within the 'Normal' Weight Range JAMA, February 8, 1995; 273(6): 461 - 465. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. E. Manson, G. A. Colditz, and M. J. Stampfer Parity, Ponderosity, and the Paradox of a Weight-Preoccupied Society JAMA, June 8, 1994; 271(22): 1788 - 1790. [Abstract] [PDF]
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J. L. Carson, M. E. Ruddy, A. E. Duff, N. J. Holmes, R. P. Cody, and R. E. Brolin The Effect of Gastric Bypass Surgery on Hypertension in Morbidly Obese Patients Arch Intern Med, January 24, 1994; 154(2): 193 - 200. [Abstract] [PDF]
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