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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 132, No. 2: 233-238
Copyright © 1990 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

PET TURTLES: A CONTINUING INTERNATIONAL THREAT TO PUBLIC HEALTH

J.-Y. D'AOUST, E. DALEY, M. CROZIER and A. M. SEWELL

Food Directorate, Health Protection Branch, Health and Welfare Canada, Sir Frederick Banting Research Centre Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0L2

From the Food Directorate, Health Protection Branch, Health and Welfare Canada, Sir Frederick Banting Research Centre, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0L2

The occurrence of Salmonella spp. in red-eared (Pseudemys scripts elegans) turtle eggs imported into Canada from Louisiana in June to September 1988 was examined. Of 28 lots tested, six (21%) lots from three of four exporters harbored salmonellae. Salmonella poona and Salmonella arlzonae were frequently encountered in both fertile eggs and packaging moss. Turtles hatched in our laboratory from affected lots of eggs shed Salmonella in tank water for up to 11 months. Widespread use of gentamicin on turtle farms to produce Salmonella-Uoe eggs for export apparently encouraged development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial strains. Of 37 Salmonella strains isolated in this study, 30 (81%) were gentamicin resistant. Such high levels of antibiotic-resistant salmonellae in turtle eggs pose a serious human health risk. Further marketing of turtle eggs and hatchlings should be curtailed until consistent production and distribution of Salmonella-Uee stocks can be assured.

antibiotics; eggs; gentamicin; Salmonella; turties


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