American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 131, No. 2: 208-220
Copyright © 1990 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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RISK FACTORS FOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1) INFECTION IN PATIENTS AT A SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE CLINIC IN NEW YORK CITY
1AIDS Research Unit, Box 20, New York City Department of Health 125 Worth Street, New York, NY 10013
2AIDS Program, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control Atlanta, GA
Patients who attended a sexually transmitted disease clinic in New York City in 1987 were offered enrollment in a nonblinded study to estimate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroprevalence in adults with multiple sexual partners and to determine risk factors associated with HIV-1 infection. In addition, a blinded serosurvey of a representative sample of patients was performed to obtain an unbiased estimate of seroprevalence in clinic attendees. The seroprevalence in the blinded serosurvey was 7.5% (26/348), while the seroprevalence of the 1,201 volunteers for the nonblinded study was 11.2%. For men in the nonblinded study, the risk behaviors most strongly associated with HIV-1 infection were intravenous drug use, sexual contact with another man, and sexual contact with a female intravenous drug user. For women, intravenous drug use and sexual contact with a man at risk for HIV-1 infection (an intravenous drug user or a bisexual) were most important. The seroprevalence among persons who denied all high-risk behavior was 1% (7/723). The results of this study, conducted in a city with one of the nation's highest reported cumulative incidences of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, suggest that HIV-1 infection in clinic attendees was primarily limited to intravenous drug users, homosexual/bisexual men, and the sexual partners of these two groups.
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HIV; HIV seropositivity; sex behavior; sexual partners
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