American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 129, No. 4: 785-799
Copyright © 1989 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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INCIDENCE AND ETIOLOGY OF INFANTILE DIARRHEA AND MAJOR ROUTES OF TRANSMISSION IN HUASCAR, PERU
O LOPEZ DE ROMA1
1Institute de Inveatigacion Nutricional Lima, Peru
2Divsionn of Human Nutrition, Department of International Health The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD
3Instituto Nacional de Salud Lima, Peru
Reprint requests to Dr. Robert E. Black, Dept. of International Health, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205
Community-based studies of diarrhea etiology and epidemiology were carried out from July 1982-June 1984 in 153 infants residing in a poor pen-urban community near Uma, Peru. Study infants had nearly 10 episodes of diarrhea in their first year of life. Diarrhea episodes were associated with organisms such as Campylobacter jejuni, enterotoxlgenic and enteropathogenic Escherlchia coli, Shigella, rotavirus, and Cryptosporidlum. These organisms appeared to be transmitted to infants in the home through animal feces, through contaminated water and food, and by direct person-to-person contact. A particularly important route of transmission may have been weaning foods, which were often contaminated bOcause of improper preparation and inadequate cleaning of utensils. improved feeding practices, along with avoidance of animal feces and improved personal and domestic hygiene, should be considered important interventions in reducing the high incidence of diarrhea in infants in developing countries.
Campylobacter Infections; diarrhea; infantile; dysentery; bacillary; Escherlchla coil infections; food contamination; Infant food; rotavirus Infections; Shlgella
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