American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 128, No. 4: 778-785
Copyright © 1988 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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A CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF BRAIN GLIOMAS AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS: THE RISK TO FARMERS
1 Istituto di tecnologie biomediche avanzate, Divisione di Epidemiologia, National Research Council Via Ampere 56, 20133 Milano, Italy
2 Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori Milano, Italy
3 Istituto Neurologico "C. Besta" Milano, Italy
Send reprint requests to Dr. Maasimo Musicco at this address
During 1983 and 1984, 240 newly diagnosed cases of brain glioma and 742 controls (465 non-glioma nervous system tumors and 277 patIents with other neurologic diseases) were recruited and interviewed in the neurologic and neurosurgical departments of two hospitals in Milan, Italy. The occupational histories of cases and controls were compared, and relative risk estimates, adjusted for sex, age, residence, and socioeconomic status, were computed using the Mantel-Haenszel method. A statistically significant risk increase was found for farmers (relative risk (RR) = 1.6, p = 0.0025). This risk increase was attributable to those farmers who reported the use of chemicals (insecticides or fungicides, herbicides, and fertilizers). Among the three groups of investigated agrochemicals, only the use of insecticides or fungicides was associated with a significant increase in relative risk (RH = 2.0, p = 0.006). Many farmers exposed to fungicides reported the use of commercial compounds of copper sulfate. Some of these compounds contain methyl urea, which has a specific carcinogenic effect on the nervous system in animals. These data suggest that the occupational exposure of farmers to agrochemicals might be responsible for the observed excess risk of brain glioma in farmers.
agriculture; glioma; Insecticides; occupational diseases
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