American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 127, No. 2: 297-309
Copyright © 1988 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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VITAMIN SUPPLEMENT USE, BY DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
1Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD
2National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Analysis Hyattsville, MD
3Westat, Inc. Rockville, MD
4IMS, Inc. Rockville, MD
5Department of Epidemiology, University of California Los Angeles, CA
Reprint requests to Dr. Gladys Block, National Institutes of Health, Blair Building. Room 515, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-4200
Detailed data on vitamin supplement use are presented for nine specific vitamins and minerals by a wide range of demographic and behavioral characteristics. Previously recorded but uncoded data from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1971–1974) have been coded and analyzed, providing the only detailed vitamin use data in a representative sample large enough to examine joint distributions and multivariate analyses of numerous characteristics. Significantly fewer black persons than white persons consume vitamins regularly, and the difference is especially pronounced for specific vitamins: fourfold for vitamin E, sixfold for vitamin A, and 10-fold for vitamin C. Significant differences were also seen for age, sex, geographic region, education, poverty, type of alcoholic beverage consumed, and Quetelet index. Data are presented indicating that supplement use has not increased notably between the time of the survey and 1983, and thus the supplement use data are considered to be reasonably representative of current patterns of supplementation practice in the United States.
ascorbic acid; poverty; socioeconomic factors; vitamins
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