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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 126, No. 3: 460-473
Copyright © 1987 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF A ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS OUTBREAK IN MESA COUNTY, COLORADO

T. F. TSAI1,, W. B. COBB2, R. A. BOLIN1, N. J. GILMAN2, G. C. SMITH1, R. E. BAILEY1, J. D. POLAND1, J. J. DORAN2, J. K. EMERSON3 and K. J. LAMPERT4

1Division of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control Fort Collins, CO.
2St. Mary's Hospital Grand Junction, CO.
3Colorado State Department of Health Denver CO.
4Mesa County Health Department Grand Junction, CO.

Address reprint requests to Dr. T. F. Tsai, Division of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, P. O. Box 2087, Fort Collins, CO 80522-2087

Tsai, T. F. (CDC, Fort Collins, CO 80522-2087), W. B. Cobb, R. A. Bolin, N. J. Gilman, G. C. Smith, R. E. Bailey, J. D. Poland, J. J. Doran, J. K. Emerson, and K. J. Lampert. Epidemiologic aspects of a St. Louis encephalitis outbreak in Mesa County, Colorado. Am J Epidemiol 1987;126:460-73.

An epidemic of St. Louis encephalitis in 1985 in Mesa County, Colorado, led to 17 cases, including one fatality. Risk was associated with advanced age and residence in Grand Junction, the county's principal city. A trend was observed toward higher risk in females. However, increased risk in females was not associated with higher infection rates (increased exposure). Capture enzyme immunoassays detected specific immunoglobulin M (lgM)and immunoglobulin A after infection. A serosurvey of Grand Junction residents disclosed an infection rate of 4.0%, indicating that 1,123 epidemic St. Louis encephalitis infections may have occurred in the city. Evidence of previous St. Louis encephalitis virus infection was found in 11.2% of survey respondents who had neutralizing anti body to the virus without specific lgM. The prevalence of St. Louis encephalitis virus antibody was similar to rates observed in serosurveys undertaken 30 years earlier, indicating that the level of endemic St. Louis encephalitis transmission in the city had not changed appreciably in that interval.

arboviruses; encephalitis; St. Louis; central nervous system disease; enceph alitis; encephalitis viruses; immunoglobulin


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