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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 125, No. 2: 324-328
Copyright © 1987 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

ATTRIBUTABLE RISK RATIO ESTIMATION FROM MATCHED-PAIRS CASE-CONTROL DATA

STEPHEN J. KURITZ1, and J. RICHARD LANDIS2

1Employee Health Services Department, Ford Motor Company, 900 Parklane Towers West One Park-lane Boulevard, Dearborn, MI 48126
2Department of Biostatistics, The University of Michigan, School of Public Health Ann Arbor, MI

Reprint requests to Dr. Stephen J. Kuritz

Explicit formulas are provided for estimating the attributable risk ratio among the exposed and the entire target population utilizing matched-pairs data. Large-sample standard errors and corresponding confidence intervals are provided. These estimates can be obtained from the Cross-classification frequencies of matched pairs by disease and exposure status in the usual 2 × 2 table. The key to the development of these formulas lies in recognizing that attributable risk among the exposed is a direct function of the odds ratio, and population attributable risk is a direct function of the odds ratio and exposure prevalence among only the cases (assuming a rare disease). The formulas presented in this paper require only a calculator for computation. The methodology is illustrated with data from a matched-pairs case-control study of oral conjugated estrogens and endometrial cancer.

epidemiologic methods; retrospective studies


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