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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 125, No. 2: 319-323
Copyright © 1987 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

CODING ORDINAL INDEPENDENT VARIABLES IN MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSES

S. D. WALTER1,, A. R. FEINSTEIN2 and C. K. WELLS2

1Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
2Clinical Epidemiology Unit and Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, Yale University New Haven, CT

Reprint requests to Dr. S. D. Walter, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5

The authors present a coding scheme for ordinal independent variables which may be used in various forms of regression analysis. The scheme is useful in dose-response analyses, when the objective is to identify contrasts in the dependent (or response) variable between successive levels of the independent variable, or to identify critical threshold values of the independent variables at which significant changes occur in the response. An example is given of evaluating the survival of lung cancer patients according to their stage of symptomatology. The authors discuss the interpretation of the regression coefficients when this coding scheme is used with linear regression, logistic regression, or in the proportional hazards regression model.

biostatistics; regression analysis


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