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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 125, No. 2: 221-230
Copyright © 1987 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE DIFFERENCES IN BLACK, COLORED, AND WHITE INFANTS

SOLOMON E. LEVIN1,, ALLEN A. B. HERMAN2 3 and LES M. IRWIG2 4

1Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of the Witwatersrand York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
2Institute for Biostatistics (Transvaal) of the South African Medical Research Council Box 17555, Hill-brow 2038, South Africa

Reprint requests to Dr. S. E. Levin

Systolic blood pressure was measured in a random cluster sample of three-month-old black (n = 532), colored (n = 496), and white (n = 637) infants in Johannesburg, South Africa, by means of a Parks Doppler ultrasound device with a random zero sphygmomanometer. The study was conducted during a nine-month period in 1981. Major predictors of systolic pressure measurements were which fieldworker had taken the measurement and whether the child was quiet or agitated. After adjustment for predictors as necessary, the mean systolic blood pressure of black infants was about 2 mmHg higher than that of coloreds, which was statistically significant, with suggestive evidence that coloreds have a systolic pressure about 1 mmHg higher than that of whites. Findings at age three months may represent ethnic differences in blood pressure distributions of genetic origin.

blood pressure; ethnic groups; heart rate; infant

3Present address: Gertrude H Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.

4Present address: School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia 2006.


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