American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 125, No. 1: 25-34
Copyright © 1987 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
research-article |
RISK FACTORS FOR ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE LUNG
1Department of Microbiology and Environmental Health Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
2Colorado Department of Health Denver, CO.
3Reprint requests to Dr. Ross C. Brownson at current address: Cancer Epidemiology and Control Program, Division of Environmental Health and Epidemiology Services, Missouri Department of Health, P. O. Box 1268, Columbia, MO 65205.
The relation between various risk factors and adenocarcinoma of the lung was evaluated in a case-control study. Subjects were selected from the Colorado Central Cancer Registry from 1979–1982 in the Denver metropolitan area. A total of 102 (50 males and 52 females) adenocarcinoma case interviews and 131 (65 males and 66 females) control interviews were completed. The control group consisted of persons with cancers of the colon and bone marrow. The risk estimates associated with cigarette smoking were significantly elevated among males (odds ratio (OR) = 4.49) and females (OR = 3.95) and were found to increase significantly (p < 0.01) with increasing levels of cigarette smoking for both males and females. For adenocarcinoma in females, the age-and smoking-adjusted odds ratios at different levels of passive smoke exposure followed an increasing overall trend (p = 0.05). After additional adjustment for potential confounders, prior cigarette use remained the most significant predictor of risk of adenocarcinoma among males and females. Analysis restricted to nonsmoking females revealed a risk of adenocarcinoma of 1.68 (95% confidence interval (Cl) = 0.39–2.97) for passive smoke exposure of four or more hours per day. Neither sex showed significantly elevated risk for occupational exposures, although males bordered on significance (OR = 2.23, 95% Cl = 0.97–5.12). The results suggest the need to develop cell type-specific etiologic hypotheses.
air pollution; lung neoplasms; tobacco smoke pollution
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