American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 123, No. 2: 344-351
Copyright © 1986 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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HEPATITIS A, B, AND DELTA INFECTION IN ETHIOPIA: A SEROLOGIC SURVEY WITH DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
1Department of Internal Medicine, Black Lion Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
2Section of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital Malmo, Sweden
3Department of Infectious Diseases, Östra Hospital, University of Göteborg Göteborg, Sweden
Reprint requests to Prof. Edemariam Tsega, Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
A total of 500 individuals from five different regions of Ethiopia were studied. Demographic and clinical data were recorded and serologic tests were carried out to detect antigen and antibody markers of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis A virus, and the delta agent. Data on the economic status, number of rooms per household, number of persons per household, type of water supply, and mode of excreta disposal revealed that the majority of the population surveyed lived with economic hardship, overcrowding and poor hygiene. Only 36 persons gave a past history of jaundice. The mean carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 6.2%, the mean overall hepatitis B virus marker prevalence was 42%, and in those over 14 years of age it was 76%. Among those who were positive for HB5Ag, there was a tendency for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) to decrease and the corresponding antibody (anti-HBe) to increase with advancing age. No woman more than 15 years of age had demonstrable hepatitis B e antigen in serum. Antibody to hepatitis A virus was detected in 84%. Three HB5Ag-positive individuals were found to have antibody to the delta agent.
antibodies; antigens, viral; hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus; serology
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