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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 122, No. 5: 868-875
Copyright © 1985 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

PHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE RATES OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE, TYPE b AND NON-b, AND PREVALENCE OF AMPICILLIN-RESISTANT HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE AMONG HEALTHY DAY-CARE CHILDREN IN CENTRAL MASSACHUSETTS

WENDY PANZER STEPHENSON1,2,, GARY DOERN3, NELSON GANTZ4, LESLIE LIPWORTH1 and KIMBERLE CHAPIN5

1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center Worcester, MA
2Current address:Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center 55 Lake Ave. North, Worcester, MA 01605
3Department of Clinical Microbiology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center Worcester, MA.
4Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Massachusetts Medical Center Worcester, MA
5University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, MA

Reprint request to Dr.Wendy P.Stephenson

Pharyngeal swabs were obtained from 832 children less than 14 years of age attending day-care centers and family day-care homes in central Massachusetts during a seven-week period beginning March 1, 1982. Colonization rates for Haemophllus influenzae and for H. influenzae type b were 60.7% and 15.1%, respectively. Nonwhite children were more likely to be carriers of non-b H. influenzae than white children (62.9% vs. 47.8%, p < 0.025). Children in day care for more than six months were more likely to be carriers of non-b H. influenzae than children in day care for six months or less (52.9% vs. 45.5%, p < 0.05). There was no association between colonization rates and age, sex, type of day-care setting, number of siblings, number sharing a bedroom, history of otitis media, or history of antibiotic use. The prevalence of ampidllin-resistant H. influenzae was 6.3% among all children and 10.3% among carriers of H. influenzae. The prevalence of ampidllin resistance was significantly higher among type b carriers than among carriers of other types (15.1% vs. 8.3%, p < 0.05). Children who had taken ampicillin or amoxidllin within the past three months were much more likely to be colonized with ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae than were children who had not taken these antibiotics (13.5% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.0005). These observations have important clinical implications for the management of children with H. influenzae disease.

amoxicillin; ampicillin; beta-lactamases; carrier state; day care; Haemophllus influenzae


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