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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 120, No. 3: 404-413
Copyright © 1984 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS A AND B IN THE SHANGHAI AREA: PREVALENCE OF SERUM MARKERS
1Shanghai Hygiene and Anti-Epidemic Center, Shanghai The People's Republic of China
2Institute for Biometry, University of Tiibingen, Tilbingen Federal Republic of Germany
3Max von Pettenkofer Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University of Munich Munich, Federal Republic of Germany
Reprint requests to Professor F. Deinhardt, Pettenkofer-Institute, Pettenkoferstraase 9a, D-8000 Munich 2, West Germmy
Different population groups from the Shanghal area were surveyed by radiolmmunoassay for serologic markers of previous infections with hepatitls A virus and hepatitis B virus. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A vlrus (anti-HAV) in males and females, or in persons livlng In rural or urban areas. The prevalence of anti-HAV showed a biphasic increase with age, approaching 100% above age 50 years whereas the geometric mean titers declined. The rate of lntectlon (attack rate) with hepatttls A among susceptibleo in Shanghal decllned appmlably between 1950 and 1960. The prevalence of hepatitis B markers also did not differ in the sexes, or in rural and urban populations. The patterns of prevalence of hepatitis B markers at different ages were compared to various theoretical mathematical models, and the data fitted best a model constructed from the assumptlon that two subpopulations of approximately equal size, one at low and the other at high rlsk, existed in the population groups studied. It was estimated that in Shanghal up to 12% of all individuals infected with hepatitis B became chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers, although the overall prevalence of HBsAg carriers was only 6.9%. All HBsAg-positive individuals subtyped had been infected with hepatitis B virus of the subtype ad; 41.7% of HBsAg carriers also had hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), whereas in 32% of HBsAg carrires antlbodles to HB e were present. Antibodies to HBsAg appeared to be lower In titer than in Western populations and to decllne wlth age, and agespecific prevalence data indicated a relatively longer persistence of antibodies to hep atitis B core antlgen.
antlbodles, vlral; epldemlologlc methods; hepatltls A vlrus; hepatttls B vlrus; serology
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