American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 119, No. 5: 692-704
Copyright © 1984 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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HORMONAL AND PERSONAL EFFECTS ON ESTROGEN RECEPTORS IN BREAST CANCER
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC
2Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC
3Division of Biometry, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC
4Division of Community and Occupational Medicine, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC
5Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC
6Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC
Reprint requests to Dr. Barbara S. Hulka, Department of Epidemiology, Rosenau Hall 201H, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.
Hulka, B. S. (Dept. of Epidemiology, U. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514), L. E. Chambless, W. E. Wilkinson, D. C. Deubner, K. S. McCarty, Sr. and K. S. McCarty, Jr. Hormonal and personal effects on estrogen receptors in breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1984; 119: 692–704.
Since high estrogen receptor protein in breast cancer tissue has a favorable effect on patient prognosis, factors influencing estrogen receptor levels are the focus of this research. From April 1977 to December 1978, 246 histologically confirmed primary breast cancer patients from three North Carolina hospitals were interviewed and provided with photographic displays of hormonal products. Their tumor tissue was analyzed for estrogen receptor protein by the sucrose density gradient assay. Data were analyzed by multiple regression and logistic regression techniques. No statistically significant relationship was found between gonadal hormone usage and estrogen receptor levels, although recent users of either oral contraceptives or replacement estrogens had lower receptor levels. Users of progestogen-predominant and -intermediate types of oral contraceptives also had lower estrogen receptor protein. An effect of menopausal status, independent of age, was not evident. Statistically significant associations involved age and race among postmenopausal patients. With black breast cancer patients aged <70 years as the reference group, the relative odds of having high estrogen receptor protein (>10 fmol/mg of cytosol protein) were 2.4 times greater among whites aged <70, 1.6 times greater in blacks aged 
70, and 12.8 times greater in whites 70 years. These differences in estrogen receptor protein may contribute to the black-white differential in breast cancer survival.
breast neoplasms; receptors; estrogen
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