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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 116, No. 2: 402-406
Copyright © 1982 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

THE EFFECT OF MISCLASSIFICATION IN MATCHED-PAIR CASE-CONTROL STUDIES

SANDER GREENLAND

From the Division of Epidemiology, School of Pub lic Health, U. of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024 (address for reprint requests)

It has been noted that nondifferential misclassification of the study exposure can produce more severe bias and power loss in pair-matched case-control studies than in unmatched studies, and that the "excess bias" is a direct function of the cioseness of matching on correlates of exposure. This paper illustrates the extent of this excess bias for several case-control situations. It is demonstrated that when the misclassification is differential, bias may be either increased or decreased by matching. A method for correcting for misclassification bias in matched-pair studies is aiso presented.

biometry; epidemiologic methods; statistics


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