American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 115, No. 1: 59-66
Copyright © 1982 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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SMOKING AS A RISK FACTOR IN CANCER OF THE CERVIX: ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE FROM A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
1Division of Epidemiology and Statistics, Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation Toronto, Canada
2Environmental Health Associates Inc. Berkeley, CA
3Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Reprint requests to Dr Clarke, Division of Epidemiology and Statistics, Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation, 7 Overlea Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M4H 1A8.
The results of a case-control study in Toronto, Canada, demonstrated a twofold risk of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix among current smokers relative to women who had never smoked. This significant effect of smoking was not diminished by simultaneously adjusting for age, education, and indices of sexual behavior. This association was further supported by the observations that ex-smokers were at a lower risk than current smokers (1.7 versus 2.3), and that the risk increased with the amount of cigarettes smoked (2.2 for less than half a pack per day to 2.9 for more than one pack per day).
cervical neoplasms; epidemiologic methods; smoking
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