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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 115, No. 1: 40-58
Copyright © 1982 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF LUNG CANCER INCIDENCE AND CIGARETTE SMOKING IN ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

GENE B. WEINBERG1,, LEWIS H. KULLER2 and CAROL K REDMOND3

1Center for Environmental Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15261
2Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh
3Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh

reprint requests to Dr. Weinberg

The results of the Third National Cancer Survey have shown substantial variations in lung cancer incidence rates for white males within Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. To explain these differences, two areas showing over a twofold difference in the 1970 age-adjusted incidence rates (127.7 compared to 59.0 per 100,000) were studied in greater detail. Estimates of smoking experience by age were determined in the two areas by survey sampling methods of white males 35 years of age and older. The results show the high risk area had a significantly greater proportion of males currently smoking and who had ever smoked cigarettes compared to the low risk area. Males in the high risk area also began smoking over four years earlier, and proportionally fewer men smoked filter cigarettes. Calculations of lung cancer risk based on these results and a model of risk from the prospective and retrospective studies showed that almost all of the observed difference in risk between areas was attributable to cigarettes.

air pollution; lung diseases; lung neoplasms; smoking; tobacco


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