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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 114, No. 2: 267-273
Copyright © 1981 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

SEROEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES OF ACUTE HEMORRHAGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS VIRUS (ENTEROVIRUS TYPE 70) IN WEST AFRICA. I. STUDIES WITH HUMAN SERA FROM GHANA COLLECTED EIGHT YEARS AFFER THE FIRST OUTBREAK

KAZUMORI MINAMI1, SINROKU OTATSUME1, JULIUS A. A. MINGLE2, SAM N. AFOAKWA2, C. O. QUARCOOPOME2, KENJI KONNO1, YUKIO UCHIDA3, HIROMU KURAHASHI4 and REISAKU KONO4,

1Fukushima Medical College Fukushima, Japan
2University of Ghana Medical School Accra, Ghana
3Tokyo Women's Medical College Tokyo, Japan
4National Institute of Health Tokyo, Japan

Reprint requests to Dr. Reisaku Kono, Central Virus Diagnostic Laboratory, National Institute of Health, 4-7-1, Gakuen Musashimurayama, Tokyo 190-12, Japan

In 1969 and early 1970, during the pre-epidemic period of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) in the upper north regions of Ghana, 191 human sera were collected. In 1977, eight years after the first epidemic of AHC in Ghana, 1008 human sera were also collected in various regions of Ghana. These sara were examined for virus neutralizing (VN) antibody against the J670/71 strain of enterovirus type 70 (EV7O). In the pre-epidemic 1969–1970 sara, a low prevalence rate (6%) of VN antibody, with a titer of ≥1:8, was found; the geometric mean titer (GMT) was also very low (1:1.85). in the post-epidemic 1977 sera, a high prevalence rate (53%) of VN antibody was found in the Ghanaian population, and the calculated GMT was also high (1:7.36). A higher antibody prevalence was detected in coastal (Accra: prevalence rate of 58% and GMT of 1:7.84), forest (Kumasi: 58% and GMT 1:7.52) and pen-forest (Tamale: 51% and GMT 1:7.46) areas than in the tropical savanna area (Bolgatanga: 41% and GMT 1:5.13). The demonstration of VN antibody in children under seven years of age showed that EV7O was still widely distributed and highly active in Ghana. The VN antibody found in human sera was predominantly lgG.

conjunctivitis; enteroviruses; eye diseases; serology


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