American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 111, No. 6: 655-674
Copyright © 1980 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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FATAL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND THE ROLE OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES
1The George Washington University Biostatistics Center 7979 Old Georgetown Rd., Bethesda, MD 20014
2The George Washington University Medical Center, Department of Pathology
3Loma Linda University, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology
4Interinstitutional Cardiovascular Center, Chicago Heart Association
5Wayne State University, Department of Community Medicine
6The George Washington University Medical Center, Department of Medicine
7Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Department of Preventive Medicine
8New York Medical College, Department of Community and Preventive Medicine
9National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Contraceptive Evaluation Branch
10University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Department of Medicine
reprint requests to Mr. Krueger
The association between use of oral contraceptives (OC) and death from myocardial infarction (MI) in young women was investigated in a collaborative case-control study conducted in the five largest metropolitan areas in the US. Potential cases were identified from computer tapes of the National Center for Health Statistics. Controls were selected from among women who died from, or were hospitalized for, acute conditions other than heart disease or from accidents, and were matched to cases on age, geographic area, and year of death. Information on cause of death, personal characteristics, OC use, and the presence of conditions predisposing to MI was obtained from interviews with relatives and abstracts of hospital, clinic and physician records. Odds ratios as approximations to relative risks for fatal MI in relation to OC use, and the associated 95% confidence limits, were calculated overall and for subgroups determined by demographic and health history characteristics. Odds ratios in the total study population were not significantly different from one. However, odds ratios significantly different from one were found when attention was restricted to white subjects without contraindications to OC use, and including only those cases whose deaths were attributed to MI with the greatest degree of certainty. Smoking was found to be a significant risk factor for fatal MI.
contraceptives, oral; death, sudden; epidemiologic methods; myocardial infarction; retrospective studies
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